英語介詞不許獨立運用,必需帶上賓語形成介詞短語,或附麗在不迭物動詞反面運用。英語不迭物動詞不許徑直帶賓語,必需加上符合的介詞本領帶賓語。介詞短語不妨在句子中充任狀語,定語,賓語和賓語補語。一.介詞at/in/on表白功夫,做功夫狀語1).表白某一簡直功夫點,某一功夫/年紀
atsixo’clock六點鐘atnoon午時atthattime其時atthemoment那一刻attheageof在……歲時atnight黃昏
2)in表白功夫段,一天的三個功夫段以及月份,年,時節,世紀,人生的某個功夫(或人幾十歲時)inthemorning早晨/inafternoon下晝/inevening黃昏inspring春天/in/inMarch仲夏,inthetwenty-firstcentury二十一生紀,inhisfifties五十幾歲
3)on表白禮拜幾/某一簡直的日子/簡直某天的上晝/下晝/黃昏,表白一天中的三個功夫段動詞前有化裝語或后有化裝語時.
OnMondayevening禮拜一黃昏onarainynight一個降雨的晚上onthemorningofApril1st,2018,2018年4月1日早晨
二、表場所,做場所狀語1)at普遍指較小的場所或較簡直的場所atthestation在車站atthecinema在影戲院
2)in表白在較大的場所或一個有限空間里.inChina在華夏intheclassroom在講堂里
3)on指在某物體的外表上.onthedesk在臺子上
三.介詞in/on/to表方位的辨別1.in表白A地在B地范疇之內.(包括聯系)
Taiwanis____thesoutheastofChina.(in)
2.on表白A,B地交界.(外切聯系)
Hubeiis____thenorthofHunan.(on)
3.to表白A,B兩地有確定的間距.(外離聯系)
Japanis_____theeastofChina.(to)
四.between與among的辨別1.between:指兩者之間.在…….之間.
2.among:用來三者或三者之上人或物之間.在……之中.
Yousit_____himandme.(between)
Thesongispopular______thestudents.(among)
五.after與in的辨別1)after+功夫段.表白以往日某一功夫為開始的一段功夫之后,用來往日時.
2)after作介詞.afterdoingsth
3).in+一段功夫.表白談話時或以此刻為開始的未來一段功夫之后.用來未來時.
Hecameback______twodays.(after)
Hewillgohome___finishinghishomework.(after)
Hewillcomeback_____twodays.(in)
六.with、in與by的辨別1.with表白“用…”普遍指無形的東西/本領/人體器官.
Hecuttheappleintohalves____aknife.(with)
Hecamein_____abig***ileonhisface.(with)
2.in表白用那種談話,辦法,道路.或抄寫/美術所用的資料.也可表交通辦法.
Canyousayit_____English?(in)
Hewrotealetter____blueink.(in)
3.by表白乘坐交通東西,表白辦法,本領
Istudyforatest_____workingwithagroup.(by)
Hemakesaliving____sellingnewspapers.(by)
七.across、through、over、by的辨別1.across指橫穿,穿過.表白舉措從某一物體外表上過程.
2.through指穿過,透過,表白從某一物體空間內經過.
3.over表白從或人或某物的上空過程或穿過,不與外表交戰.
4.by表白從或人/某物的左右過程.
Canyouswim______theriver?(across)
Theelephantissobigthatitcan’tgo_____thegate.(through)
Idon’tthinkanyonecanjump___thefence.(over)
Iwalked_____thebankofChinayesterday.(by)
八.infrontof/inthefrontof的辨別
1.inthefrontof表白在…….里面的前方
2.infrontof表白在……表面的前方
Thereisadeskinthefrontofourclassroom.
Thereisabigtreeinfrontofourclassroom.
九.其它介詞的用法:
1.at的其它用法.
1).表白“從事或正在做某事”,后來加的動詞常常不加冠詞.
Sheisatworknow=Sheisworkingnow.
2)at表白“價錢或速率”
Thetrainranat120kilometresanhour.
2.in的其余用法:
1)in表白“在……上面”,短語:dowellin=begoodat,beweakin
2)in表白“衣著”后接表臉色的詞或衣物.
短語:bein+衣物=bewearing+衣物
3)in作副詞,“在教”=athome
3.like的用法:
1).像/和……一律.常與系動詞連用.短語:looklikesoundlike
2).與what連用,“是什么格式,還好嗎”.
Whatishelike?Heiskind.
4.off的用法:
1).從……下來,擺脫某物體.短語:falloff
2).“放假”常常放在功夫動詞之后.短語:have+功夫+off
Hehasn’thadanightofffortwohours.
5.except/besides
1).except除去…….除外,都……..不囊括在范疇之內.注:nothingbut…除去……除外,什么也沒有.
2).besides除去……除外,再有…….囊括在范疇之內.
Weallwentswimming______Lucy.(except)
Thereis_______aletterinthebox.(nothingbut)
WestudyJapaneseandFrench____English.(besides)
6.with/without
1).with具備,含有-----反義詞:without沒有;短語:withthehelpof=withone’shelp=becauseof=thanksto,
withoutone’shelp
2).without的用法:
A).without+***./sth.沒有或人或某物
B).without+doingsth.
Heleftherewithout____(say)“Goodbye“tous(saying)
C).withoutsth常與if啟發的否認的前提句.
Ifthereisnowater,wecan’tlive.=Wecan’tlivewithoutwater.
7.onthetree/inthetree
onthetree表白“樹上自己長的貨色”在樹上.而inthetree表白“外界的物體加入樹中”人或物在樹上.
Therearesomeapples_____thetree.(on)
Thereisaboy____thetree.(in)
8.since/for
注:since/for用來此刻實行時.
1).since:a).since+功夫點b).此刻實行時+since+普遍往日時c).since+一段功夫+ago.
2)for:for+一段功夫=since+一段功夫+ago
9.bemade+介詞的辨別:
bemadeof由…制成(看得見原資料)
bemadefrom由…制成(看不見原資料)
bemadein+場所由哪兒消費
bemadeby***.由或人創造
10.表白“數目的介詞”
about,roundaroundover
1).about,roundaround表白“大概……”
2).over表白“勝過”=morethan.
11.inside/outside
Inside在……內里------反義詞:outside在….表面
12.inthewall/onthewall
inthewall表白“窗門在墻上”onthewall表白“某貨色剪貼或掛在墻上”
十、.不必介詞的情景:1).當功夫狀為:tonight,today,yesterday,tomorrow等時,不必介詞.
Whatareyougoingtodotonight?
2).含有this,that,these,those,last,next,every,each等功夫狀語.
HewenttoWuhanlastweek.
3).以all發端的功夫狀語前方不必介詞.
Hehasworkedallday.
4).以some,any,one等形成的功夫狀語前不必介詞.
Hemetabadmanonecoldmorning.=Hemetabadmanonacoldmorning.